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History of Sweden (800–1521)
Swedish pre-history ends around 800 CE, when the Viking Age begins and written sources are available. The Viking Age lasted until the mid-11th century, when the Christianization of Scandinavia was largely completed. The period 1050 to 1350 — when the Black Death struck Europe — is considered the Older Middle Ages. The period 1350 to 1523 — when king Gustav Vasa, who led the unification of Sweden, was crowned — is considered the Younger Middle Ages.〔The classification and dates are found in Harrison (2002), pp. 12–14, and Weibull (1997).〕
During this period, Sweden was gradually consolidated as a single nation. Scandinavia was formally Christianized by AD 1100. The Kalmar Union between the Scandinavian countries was established in 1389 and lasted until Gustav Vasa ended it upon seizing power.
==Viking Age==
Until the 9th century, the Scandinavian people lived in small Germanic kingdoms and chiefdoms known as petty kingdoms. These petty kingdoms and their royal rulers are mainly known from legends and scattered continental sources. The Scandinavian people appeared as a group separate from other Germanic nations, and at this time there was a noticeable increase in war expeditions (Viking raids) on foreign countries, which has given the name Viking Age to this period. At this time the seas were easier to travel than Europe's inland forests, and the wild buffer regions that separated the kingdoms of the time were known as marches.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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